Reports

In this section, you will find evidence-based reports by the world’s leading human rights experts documenting Israeli apartheid, genocide and other crimes against humanity.

A Health Analysis
of the Genocide
in Gaza

PHRI (July 2025)

According to B'Tselem, one of Israel's oldest and most prominent human rights organisations, “…Israel is taking coordinated action to intentionally destroy Palestinian society in the Gaza Strip.” This report presents statistics, personal testimonies and documentation that paint a grim picture of a deliberate Israeli policy to destroy Palestinian society in Gaza, alongside widespread incitement to genocide by political and military leaders and in Israeli public discourse. B’Tselem warns that Israel is already replicating its patterns of destruction and annihilation, currently being implemented in Gaza, in the West Bank as well – albeit on a smaller scale – and that there is a real risk the genocide will spread beyond the Gaza Strip.

Founded in 1988 by a group of Israeli physicians led by Dr. Ruchama Marton, Physicians for Human Rights Israel works to promote a just society where the right to health is granted equally to all people under Israel’s responsibility. According to PHRI’s latest position paper, Israel’s assault on Gaza “…is not a temporary crisis. It is a strategy to eliminate the conditions needed for life. Even if Israel stops the offensive today, the destruction it has inflicted guarantees that preventable deaths – from starvation, infection, and chronic illness – will continue for years. This is not collateral damage. This is not a side effect of war. It is the systematic creation of unlivable conditions. It is the denial of survivability. It is a genocide."

In this report by the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories occupied since 1967, Francesca Albanese investigates the corporate machinery sustaining Israel’s settler-colonial project of displacement and replacement of the Palestinians in their homeland. While political leaders and governments shirk their obligations, far too many corporate entities have profited from Israel’s economy of illegal occupation, apartheid and now, genocide. Ending the complicity exposed by this report will not happen without holding the private sector accountable, including its executives. International law recognises varying degrees of responsibility – each requiring scrutiny and accountability, particularly in this case, where a people’s self-determination and very existence are at stake.

Israel’s Apartheid Against Palestinians

Amnesty International (2022)

Amnesty International has analysed Israel’s intent to create and maintain a system of oppression and domination over Palestinians and examined its key components: territorial fragmentation; segregation and control; dispossession of land and property; and denial of economic and social rights. It has concluded that this system amounts to apartheid. Israel must dismantle this cruel system and the international community must pressure it to do so. All those with jurisdiction over the crimes committed to maintain the system should investigate them.

This is Apartheid

B’Tselem (2021)

Israel rules over more than 14 million people living between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea, roughly half of whom are Jews and other half Palestinians. Israel uses laws, practices and organised violence to promote the supremacy of one group over another. This regime - apartheid - is institutionalised and explicit. In this report, leading Israeli human rights organisation, B’Tselem, demonstrates that the Israeli regime in the occupied Palestinian territories is cannot be treated as separate from the reality in the entire area under Israel’s control. The report presents the principles underpinning Israel's regime of control, how they are implemented and what it means for human rights.

ICJ Ruling on Israeli Apartheid

International Court of Justice (2024)

In a historic ruling, the International Court of Justice found that Israel is responsible for the crime of apartheid in Palestine. The court determined that Israel must immediately cease its unlawful acts, withdraw from occupied Palestinian territory, cease all settlement activity, repeal all legislation and measures creating or maintaining the unlawful situation, return all stolen land, resources and assets, and provide full reparation to Palestinians for the damage it has caused. The court also found that every State has the duty to immediately end and and all political, military and commercial relations with Israel that facilitate its violations of international law, and to promote the equal rights and self-determination of the Palestinian people.

A Threshold Crossed

Human Rights Watch (2021)

In the land from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea, Israel is the sole sovereign power. In most aspects of life, Israeli authorities methodically privilege Jewish Israelis and discriminate against Palestinians. Laws, policies, and statements by leading Israeli officials make plain that government policy is designed to maintain Jewish Israeli control over demographics, political power and land. In pursuit of this goal, Israel has dispossessed, confined, forcibly separated, and subjugated Palestinians by virtue of their identity. In this report, Human Rights Watch concludes that Israel’s system of racial domination and control amount to the crimes against humanity of apartheid and persecution.